In this work, the temperatures investigated extend from DMPC’s L β′ to its L α phase in dependence of different amounts of the saponin (0–6 mol% for calorimetric and 0–1 mol% for structural analyses) and the steroid (1–10 mol%). In this study, we provide a structural analysis on the complex formation of aescin and cholesterol when embedded in a phospholipid model membrane formed by 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC). The haemolytic activity results from the ability of aescin to form strong complexes with cholesterol in the red blood cell membrane. The β-form employed in this study is haemolytically active. The saponin aescin, a mixture of triterpenoid saponins, is obtained from the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum.
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